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What are the abnormalities of the waveform of the jugular venous pulse (JVP)?

 

WAVEFORM CAUSE
Cannon (irregular, large) a waves Complete heart block
Absent a waves Atrial fibrillation
Dominant v waves Tricuspid regurgitation
Prominent x descent Acute cardiac tamponade
Constrictive pericarditis
Absent x descent Atrial fibrillation
Sharp y descent Severe tricuspid regurgitation Constrictive pericarditis
Slow y descent Tricuspid stenosis
Right atrial myxoma

 

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