Clinical examinations

How to describe a lump or mass

How to describe a lump or mass   Tenderness Site Size Surface Shape Edge Consistency Fluid thrill Pulsatility Mobility and movement ...

Causes of abdominal distention

Causes of abdominal distention   Fat (obesity) Fluid (ascites) Flatus (obstruction/ileus) Faeces (constipation) Fetus (pregnancy) Flipping b...

Different types of stoma

Different types of stoma   Typical location Spouted or flush? Contents of bag Ileostomy Right iliac fossa Spouted Liquid small bowe...

Types of breath sound

What are the types of abnormal breath sounds?   Quality Normal breath sounds (vesicular sounds) Inspiratory phase longer than expiratory p...